利用溶胶-凝胶法合成不同Er³⁺掺杂量的TiO₂光催化材料，考察了Er³⁺掺杂量（0%~1%）、焙烧温度（400~700℃）和焙烧时间（1~4 h）对TiO₂光催化材料对亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率、物相组成和光催化性能的影响。研究结果表明，Er³⁺掺杂TiO₂光催化材料的最优制备工艺为：Er³⁺掺杂量为0.5%、焙烧温度为500℃、焙烧时间为2 h。随着Er³⁺掺杂量的增加，光催化材料的晶粒尺寸不断减小；Er³⁺掺杂的光催化材料的平均晶粒尺寸会随着焙烧温度的升高而逐渐减小；在焙烧温度为500℃时，焙烧时间的延长不会造成光催化材料中TiO₂相的晶型转变，但TiO₂晶体的晶粒尺寸会不断长大。Er³⁺掺杂量为0%、0.5%和1%的光催化材料的禁带宽度分别为2.76、2.0 eV和2.47 eV，Er³⁺掺杂量为0.5%时光催化材料的禁带宽度最小，具有最高的光吸收范围。

TiO₂ photocatalytic materials with different Er³⁺ doping content are synthesized by sol-gel method.The effects of Er³⁺ doping (0%-1%),calcination temperature (400-700℃) and calcination time (1 h-4 h) on phase composition and photocatalytic activity of Er³⁺ doped TiO₂ photocatalyst as well as its degradation rate against methylene blue solution are studied.The results show that the optimum preparation conditions of Er³⁺ doped TiO₂ photocatalyst are as follows:Er³⁺ doping amount is 0.5%,calcination temperature and time are 500℃ and 2 h,respectively.The grain size of photocatalytic materials decreases with the increase of Er³⁺ doping content or calcination temperature.When calcination temperature maintains at 500℃,the prolongation of calcination time will not cause the crystalline transformation of titanium dioxide phase in photocatalytic materials,but the crystalline size of titanium dioxide crystal will continue to grow.The band gap of photocatalytic materials with 0%,0.5% and 1% of Er³⁺ is 2.76,2.0 and 2.47 eV,respectively.The photocatalytic materials containing 0.5% of Er³⁺ has the smallest band gap and exhibits the highest optical absorption range.

陈和祥(1981-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为环境功能材料,chenhx@njcit.cn